The number of XFP fluorescent proteins has grown exponentially since the most popular one, Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP), was isolated from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. XFP detection is very useful as the protein is expressed by the cell as part of its translational duties, instead of having to compromise cell viability in order to label a protein after its manufacture. Using an XFP is more accurate in labelling all of the targeted protein being produced by the cell. Green Fluorescent Protein has a major excitation peak at a 395 nm and a minor one at 475 nm. Its emission peak is at 509 nm which is in the lower green portion of the visible spectrum.
| Some are: |
| BFP (blue fluorescent protein), excitation 383 nm, emission 445 nm |
| RFP (red fluorescent protein), excitation 584 nm, emission 607 nm |
| CFP (cyan fluorescent protein), excitation 439 nm, emission 476 nm |
| YFP (yellow fluorescent protein), excitation 514 nm, emission 527 nm |
The last two are famous as the perfect FRET pair.
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